Software Components
Application framework
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C++ based runtime library: optimize low-level processing power to allow optimal user application.
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Toolkit: all tools that you need already adapted with the IoT.
ESP-IDF
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FreeRTOS kernel: is a real-time operating system kernel for embedded devices that is being used in more than 35 microcontroller platforms.
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Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT): is a lightweight and a publish-subscribe network protocol that transports messages between devices.
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Modbus: has become a de facto standard communication protocol and is now a commonly available means of connecting industrial electronic devices.
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Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol widely used, and designed to provide communications security over a computer network.
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Over-the-air (OTA): allows to update software remotely.
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Virtual File System (VFS): allows to use and manage files in the eCore.
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Much more: ESP32 API Reference.